Sunday, November 21, 2010

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(1939-1979): national spokesman unionism

National Solidarity was founded Falange newspaper in Barcelona in 1936, replacing the anarchist Workers Solidarity newspaper, which, during the Franco regime, was published in hiding until 1976 . Seized
integrated into the chain of Press and Radio Movement, became the main spokesman called vertical union, the only legal trade union organization in Spain. During his active years, began to make promotion of the various patriotic acts of Franco, the cultural and literary renewal and promote the ideas of National Labor Unions, especially the rejection of capitalism and communism for the purpose of advocating a national revolution that would overcome the class struggle and parties to nationalize and socialize the economy.
In its early beginnings as a weekly National Solidarity emerged in 1936 shortly before the Civil War. He took to the streets only three numbers and for this reason the first of 1939 is No 4. It was a morning daily in and out every day except Monday, as was customary at the time.
National Solidarity had different subtitles indicating the tendency of the publication. On February 14, 1939 came the first issue with the caption "Diary of national syndicalist revolution." The cover of the April 1 of that year announced the victory of the leader and the end of the war. As of February 14, 1940 was subtitled as "Journal of the Traditionalist English Falange de las JONS. In March 1957, was subtitled "unionist Journal of Catalonia", and as of June 13, 1970 simply as "Regional Journal." From 1973 until the last number only held the title header.
The writing and printing were in the street number 202 Hundred Council of Barcelona and the issue was in charge of the Provincial de Barcelona. Began publication with a large folio format in 1939. Folio size was changed in 1951 to recover the first format in 1957. The last four years he returned to opt for the page size. Large folio format was 8 to 12 pages of seven columns, and the page size from 12 to 36 pages in three columns. In 1951 adopted a more popular thanks to the arrival of Jesus Vasallo as editor.

The publication had eight directors throughout its history: Jesus de Ercilla, between February and July 1939, Luis Santamaria until 1963, José Ramón Alonso, until 1965, Fernando Ramos served the next two years, Clemente Pamplona followed for three years following three Federico Gallo, Luis Climent, 1973 to 1975, and Francisco Gutierrez Latorre was the last director.
There is a long list of writers and contributors who started later in the day and have gained great importance. This is the case of Manuel Vazquez Montalban, Lluís Marsillach, Robert Saladrigas, Magda Solé, Antonio Casas, Joan Teixidor, Enrique Rubio, Baratech Feliciano, Antonio Fernández Martín de Riquer Martí, among others.
During the years of democratic transition, to the pressure from the workers who demanded a free and democratic representation, the vertical union was abolished by the government of Adolfo Suárez in 1976, and unions were legalized class definitely the April 30, 1977. Reconverted the vertical union in the socio Services Institutional Management Association (ISSA), which held the ownership or management of the Heritage Association called Accumulated (PSA). Thus, given the political change that made him lose his sense of their focus and the lack of an ideological renewal of the paper, coupled with a notable drop in sales, National Solidarity took its last issue on 16 June 1979. During his three recent years, lived with his Democratic counterpart, Solidaridad Obrera, which is still published and distributed in most offices, archives and libraries union.

Wednesday, November 10, 2010

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VILLAGE DAILY (1940-1984): covert dissent against the Franco regime

The daily evening newspaper VILLAGE Madrid was founded in April 1940, ownership of the vertical union released under the name "People's Publishing and Publications." Writing, offices and workshops, was located on Huertas Street number 73. In the beginning was the head of the National Trade Union Delegation Don Gerardo Salvador Merino, proponent of this publication in trade union that eventually became an excellent propaganda of Franco's regime available to the public. A future Order of November 1942 guaranteed substantial autonomy of the propaganda apparatus of association and effective control over that of the National Trade Union Delegation, a practice that had begun under Salvador Merino but now received legal sanction. Unlike other newspapers whose editorials Press bowed to Sunday rest, went out every day including Monday, possibly because of their union origin very different from any other conventional publishing.
Most of the information they gave was of events and sports. It was an overview of national and international level and also a short news section more of each region. The entertainment section known as "tele-towns."
opinion pages, despite being a conservative newspaper, were considered a pool of dissidents, and that they were made covertly disagreeing with the regime. Between 1952 and 1974 the address was given by Emilio Romero, whose articles, illustrated with a rooster, became popularly known as "cocky."

journalists worked as José María García, José Luis Navarro, Gonzalo Bethencourt and Carvajal, Raúl Cancio, Arturo Perez-Reverte, Forges, Rosa Montero, Antonio D. Olano, Villacastín Rosa, José María Carrascal, Manuel Cruz who was his junior director, Jesús Hermida, Manuel Marlasca, Raúl del Pozo, Heel Vicente Ortiz, Yale, Javier Reverte, Javier de Montini, Tico Medina, German Lopezarias, Mery Carvajal, Carmen Rigalt, Manuel Moles, Jose Antonio Plaza, Jesús María Amilibia, José Luis Balbin, Juan Luis Cebrian, Twin or Vicente Felipe Romero, among others. It is said that the newspaper no matter the political ideology, but knowing how to write well and be prepared to make very intense days of work. In fact, unlike other papers that merely report "objectively", the paper contained a number VILLAGE opinion pieces, making it a forerunner of current publications. The back or second page section called "Page D" was exclusively devoted to those articles of opinion. He even introduced a section of "letters from readers."
With the advent of the Transition, the newspaper began a slow and gradual period of decline, as the Franco unionism disappeared and there was no editorial resources to keep you interested in the acquisition, which would have allowed it to continue. Given this situation, many of its reporters went to work for other papers while others chose to stay to participate under the direction of Emilio Romero when it seemed it would be the successor of the daily newspaper as reference PEOPLE: THE CAGE. However, this project failed, as would the subsequent attempt to resurrect the same Emilio Romero THE FAIR.
In 1982 the workforce was reduced by 42%, and after a case assessment and final decision making by the Council of Ministers, the Government recommended the closure of this newspaper, a fact which was consummated on May 16 1984.